It is not enough to know "your norm", you must be able to calculate it properly, without being lost in the diversity of drinks, their fortress and the size of the glass. So people can follow how much they drink, in 1987. In the UK, he presented the concept of the "Unit" - alcohol units. This method of alcohol accounting was very convenient and was taken in the service in other countries around the world.
One unit of alcohol is equal to 10 ml or 8 g of pure ethanol, which approximately suits the amount of alcohol, which the average adult body can process within an hour. In theory, this means that in an hour in an adult blood will almost no traces of alcohol, although individuals have the speed of alcohol elimination from the body can vary.
In accordance with the above, there are allowed alcohol standards, of which excess is dangerous for health. This:
- No more than 3-4 alcohol units per day for men;
- No more than 2-3 alcohol units per day for women.
It should be noted that this does not apply to average alcohol consumption in a few days, namely the maximum amount of alcohol allowed in one day.
At the same time, the number of strong drinks must not exceed one week:
- for women - 14 units;
- For men - 21 units.
If you have drunk out the excessive amount of alcohol the day before, refrain from alcohol in the next 48 hours.
From units to "drin"
The number of alcoholic units in the drink depends on the fortress and the volume of drunk. So:
- Wine glass (250 ml) of 12% fortresses contains about 3 alcohol units;
- Bank of beers (1 l) Fortress 5% contains about 4 units of alcohol;
- The Vodke Hrbution (25 ml) fortresses 40% contains about 1 unit of alcohol.
Thus, the daily norm is allowed, on average it is:
- a glass of wine for dinner;
- Approximately half-whipers of beer ordinary fortress;
- 2-3 small piles of vodka.
For fans of exotic alcoholic beverages and cocktails, the formula will be useful to calculate the number of units in any volume of various drinks:
- Fortress (%) x volume (ml) ÷ 1000 = Alcohol units.
How to reduce alcohol damage?
Once in the body alcohol is absorbed into the stomach, and then blood blood flow is spreading through the body, easily penetrates all tissues and organs. The maximum concentration of alcohol in the blood is observed for about an hour after its use, this is the time of the strongest intoxication and euphoria. Then, alcohol enters processing.
In the first phase, the water molecule takes place from ethanol and the vinewest aldehyde shape. This is a body poison, later hangover and intoxication are associated with him. In the second phase, Aldehyde is converted into acetic acid, which is not toxic and destroyed in carbon dioxide and energy water. Two enzymes control alcohol splitting processes: alcohol dehydrengths (ADG) and acetaldehydehydrogenase (ALDG). The speed of their work is an innate genetic characteristic.
In a person with a fast adg and aldgom alcohol in the body, it is not staying, and the aldehyde is rapidly disintegrated to harmless substances. Such a man is drunk slowly and does not suffer from Jake Mamurluke. About people with slow enzymes say they don't know drinking: they quickly come to the crazy condition, which replaces a heavy hangover. But the worst of all those who have fast adg and slow aldg. Such people do not drink long, manage to drink more than laid, and quickly formed the viney aldehyde in the body, which harmful effect.
Accordingly, the force of intoxication and subsequent poisoning depends, both large, only on the amount of drunk and heritage. However, there are tricks that allow you to reduce the damage to alcohol. To do this, slow down the absorption of alcohol from your stomach or reduce the amount of alcohol taken "collar".
- Spying alcohol (beer, champagne) cannot be mixed with strong drinks. Carbon dioxide "Magical Bubbles" accelerates alcohol absorption and increases its concentration in the blood, thus the severity of the hangover.
- Hot alcohol (blow, grog) and fortified wines should be drunk moderately for the soul. Sugar and high temperatures accelerate the flow of alcohol into the blood and creating acetaldehyde.
- Before and during the feast, you have to eat well, especially fatty food. In this case, alcohol assimilation will be slow and its damage comes down to a possible minimum. Alcohol on an empty stomach can lead not only to quick intoxication, but also on dangerous hypoglycemia.
- Stretch time between toast and drink a small amount of bunches and glasses to reduce blood alcohol concentration.
- Do not drink aspirin before and during the feast. Acetylicic acid slows down alcohol absorption, but causes ulcerative damage to the stomach and increases the risk of bleeding.
- Caffeine extends the period of activity for the table, but in combination with alcohol can lead to the development of a hypertensive crisis and heart arrhythmia.
If you often have to drink alcohol, it is useful to take a biochemical blood test 2-3 times a year and visit the therapist. To protect the liver and the brain from the effects of alcohol, it is recommended to enter the course of hepatoprotectors and vitamin preparations prescribed by the doctor.
Should I drink "for health"?
Contrary to widespread opinion, there is currently no convincing evidence that moderate amounts of alcohol uses the heart and clean vessels. There is also no evidence that any alcoholic beverages has the benefits of others, in terms of influence on the cardiovascular system.
Therefore, you should not drink alcohol with "therapeutic" the goal of those who have no habit. The use of small and moderate alcohol dose is not a prevention of cardiovascular diseases.